Supported Models
S-MoE is model-agnostic. The engine auto-detects model topology at boot time by parsing the .safetensors header. No configuration files. No recompilation. No CLI flags. It intuitively understands the architecture it is given.
Any fine-grained Mixture of Experts model whose expert tensors follow the model.layers.N.mlp.experts.M.{gate,up,down}_proj.weight naming convention is a candidate for liberation.
Verified Models of the Resistance
| Model | Parameters | Active Params | MoE Layers | Experts/Layer | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct-2507 | 235B | 22B | 94 | 128 | ✅ Verified — coherent output from the SMOE-Q4 vault (~117 GB) via the chat console |
| Qwen3-30B-A3B-Instruct-2507 | 30B | 3B | 48 | 128 | ✅ Verified — SMOE-Q4 vault (~14 GB) fits almost entirely in the RAM ring; the fast half of the two-model fleet |
| DeepSeek-MoE-16B | 16B | 2.8B | 27 | 64 | 🏛 Original development target (dense layer 0, shared experts) |
Shatter the non-thinking variant
The verified checkpoint is Qwen/Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct-2507 — the non-thinking lineage. The original thinking model's chat template injects <think> tokens whose embeddings are untrained in the 2507 weights; mixing lineages between vault and tokenizer produces degenerate output. One checkpoint, end to end.
Projections of Power
These are projections based on Apple Silicon NVMe throughput and expert blob sizes after elegant SMOE-Q4 quantisation.
Qwen3-235B-A22B (Frontier Liberation)
The ~16 GB Surface Scout must live entirely in UMA, so 32 GB is the practical floor for the 235B frontier. 16 GB machines are served by smaller fine-grained MoE vaults, not by a degraded 235B.
| Hardware | RAM | Expected tok/s | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| MacBook Air / Pro | 16 GB | — | The 235B Scout alone exceeds free UMA. Shatter a smaller MoE instead. |
| MacBook Pro M-series | 32–48 GB | 1.84 measured (48 GB reference machine, Q4 vault) | Scout resident; ring auto-sizes subtractively and retains experts across tokens and turns; vault streams from SSD. |
| MacBook Pro Max | 128 GB | 1.5–5 (projected) | The ring holds many tokens' working sets; retention hit rate climbs steeply. |
| Mac Studio Ultra | 192 GB | 3–8 (projected) | Vault partially hot-cacheable in pure UMA. |
| Mac Pro Ultra | 192–768 GB | 5–15+ (projected) | The full vault ascends into RAM. Total sovereignty. |
The Principle of Democratic Scaling
In the Monolith's world, intelligence degrades if you cannot afford their massive VRAM clusters. S-MoE rejects this. Throughput scales with your hardware, but intelligence never degrades:
More RAM → Larger ring buffer
→ More retained experts in UMA
→ Higher cache hit rate on the routing echo
→ Fewer spin-wait cycles
→ Higher tokens/second
Less RAM → Smaller ring buffer
→ More SSD reads required per token
→ Lower tokens/second
→ Identical model quality
→ Identical frontier intelligenceA 32 GB Mac and a 512 GB Mac produce identical outputs from the same 235B vault, given the same prompt and generation parameters. The 512 GB Mac produces them faster. And a 16 GB Mac produces identical outputs from any vault whose dense backbone fits beside the ring — the frontier's backbone alone weighs ~16 GB, so 16 GB machines rule over smaller fine-grained MoE models instead. That is the true democratization of intelligence: quality is never the variable. Only speed and scale are.
A Note on Coarse-Grained MoE
S-MoE is architected for fine-grained MoE architectures—models with many small experts (~2–32 MB each after Q4). Coarse-grained architectures (like Mixtral-8×7B with 8 massive experts per layer) yield gigantic expert blobs of 40–80 MB each.
At these bloated sizes:
- Ring buffer memory requirements explode.
- I/O miss latency spirals.
- The retained ring holds far fewer experts, so the routing echo's cache hit rate collapses.
S-MoE can run them, but we fight for the fine-grained frontier. The smaller the expert, the more of the mountain's memory fits in the ring.